A natural antioxidant of the stratum corneum, used up by UV
Clinical trial6 volunteersSimulated sun dose below the erythema thresholdHairless mice as a supplement
The vitamin E level is more than ten times lower at the surface than deep in the stratum corneum (6.5 versus 76 pmol/mg for α-tocopherol). A sun dose below the redness threshold lowers it by 45% (α) and 35% (γ)8.
Skin tone, elasticity and wrinkles: vitamin C and E serum
Clinical trialVitamin C 20%, vitamin E, raspberry leaf extract2 months50 women aged 30 to 65Split-face, randomized
Skin tone, elasticity and radiance improved, with less scaling and fewer wrinkles than the untreated side. Tingling and a tight feeling were reported. Vitamin E is not tested alone12.
Vitamins C and E combined: protection against sun redness
Clinical trialVitamin C 15%, α-tocopherol 1%, ferulic acid 0.5%4 days of applicationHuman skin, simulated sun
Photoprotection is significant on all the criteria assessed: erythema, sunburn cells, thymine dimers, p53 and cytokines. The sample was small; this is not a substitute for sunscreen10.
Vitamins C and E together, better than either alone
LaboratoryVitamin C 15%, α-tocopherol 1%Pig skin4 days of application
The combination protects better against erythema and sunburn cells than either vitamin alone, with an antioxidant protection factor of 4. Each vitamin alone already protects9.
Vitamin E mostly against UVB, vitamin C against UVA
LaboratoryPig skinWith and without sunscreen filter
In the combination, most of the protection against UVB comes from vitamin E. Vitamin C protects better against the effects of UVA, and adding a UVA filter gives more than additive protection against phototoxic damage11.