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Hemp seed oil

Hemp seed oil, INCI CANNABIS SATIVA SEED OIL, is the fixed oil pressed from the seeds of Cannabis sativa7. It is rich in linoleic acid (59%) and α-linolenic acid (18%) in two cultivars1. CosIng classifies it as an emollient7. Residual cannabinoids have been measured in commercial oils and cosmetics34.

Deep green hemp seed oil in macro view, a clear drop on a sage green ceramic surface

Hemp seed oil at a glance

Entry from our cosmetic ingredient glossary. Regulatory data from the European Commission's CosIng database7. Copy the identifiers in one click for your files.

INCI name
CANNABIS SATIVA SEED OIL
Other names
Hemp seed oilHemp seed oil; hempseed oil
CAS number
89958-21-4
EC number
289-644-3
Botanical origin
Hemp (Cannabaceae)Fixed oil pressed from the seeds of Cannabis sativa L.7. This page covers the seed oil, not a plant extract
Composition
Triglycerides, linoleic and α-linolenicLinoleic 59% and α-linolenic 18% (cultivars Felina 32 and Chamaeleon); γ-linolenic 5 to 6% (Finola, Uso31)1. Another analysis finds 12 to 14% α-linolenic and more than 1.70% γ-linolenic2
CosIng functions
Emollient, skin conditioning"Skin conditioning - emollient" and "skin conditioning"7
EU status
No specific restriction in CosIng; check Annex IICosIng lists no annex for this INCI7. Annex II of Regulation (EC) 1223/2009 consolidated on May 1, 2025 does not name hemp, but its entry 306 prohibits "narcotic drugs: any substance listed in Schedules I and II of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs signed in New York on 30 March 1961"8. We do not rule here on whether this entry applies to the seeds or their oil: check with the supplier and the regulation before any formula
Allergen to declare
NoNot on the list of fragrance allergens in Regulation (EU) 2023/1545
Residual cannabinoids
Have each batch testedCommercial seed oils contained 3.23 to 69.5 mg/kg of THC, and not all seemed to come from industrial hemp3. Ask for a certificate of analysis for THC and CBD
Safety (CIR)
Report on 244 vegetable oilsCosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) report on 244 vegetable oils: judged safe as used in cosmetics. We could not check here whether this INCI is among the 244 oils; check it in the report6

What the research says

Each result shows the protocol and the level of evidence. The higher the level, the better the result carries over to a finished formula.

Clinical trialReview or consensusLaboratory

Composition and materialChemistry

Linoleic, α-linolenic and γ-linolenic

Laboratory
4 cultivars grown in ItalyYield and oxidative stability

The oils of the four cultivars are rich in linoleic (omega 6) and α-linolenic (omega 3) acids. Felina 32 and Chamaeleon reach 59% linoleic and 18% α-linolenic; Finola and Uso31 are richest in γ-linolenic, at 5 to 6%. All show high oxidative stability1.

Another analysis: 12 to 14% α-linolenic

Laboratory
Hemp oils and floursGC and LC-MS

Thirty fatty acids and 62 glycerolipids are identified. Linoleic acid is the major component, α-linolenic acid is around 12 to 14% and γ-linolenic exceeds 1.70%2.

Quality and residual cannabinoidsBatch control

THC measured in commercial seed oils

Laboratory
Oils bought in CroatiaMethod validated from 0.05 to 60 mg/kg

THC content ranges from 3.23 to 69.5 mg/kg. The ratios between phenotypes suggest that not all the oils analyzed came from industrial hemp3.

Cannabinoids detected in hemp oil cosmetics

Laboratory
90 products bought in Taiwan, 2018-2020LC-MS/MS

THC is detected in 22 products (0.06 to 1,777 µg/g), CBD in 34 (0.47 to 37,217 µg/g) and CBN in 5. The study, run in Taiwan, mentions a THC requirement below 10 µg/g for seed oil cosmetics. We did not verify its scope, and it is not an EU threshold4.

Skin and bodySkincare, bodycare

No controlled trial on the oil alone retained

Review
2026 PubMed search

We retained no published controlled trial on skin application of hemp seed oil alone. The studies found cover composition, residual cannabinoids or complex formulations, where the effect of the oil is not isolated.

Linoleic acid and skin: mostly models

Review
2024 reviewLinoleic acid and oils rich in it

The authors report, in animal or cell models, effects of linoleic acid applied to the skin, including barrier repair. They call for more clinical research5. Hemp seed oil contains about 59% of it1.

What reviews and experts saySafety, uses

Safety: a report on 244 vegetable oils

Review
2017 CIR report244 oils

The expert panel concludes that the 244 vegetable oils assessed are safe as used in cosmetics. The review focused mainly on skin effects6.

This page summarizes published literature on a cosmetic ingredient. It does not describe the effect of a finished product, which depends on its formula, and it is not medical advice. Several of the studies cited were run or funded by industry; this is indicated in the sources.

Which products use hemp seed oil?

Our white label catalog includes 4 formulas with hemp seed oil: the key active in 1 of them, a supporting ingredient in the others. Every category can be customized (formula, fragrance, packaging).

1Body

Supporting oil in the Damask rose and prickly pear body milk.

3Hair

Oil in the rosemary-hemp shampoo, the two-phase hair oil and the castor hair oil.

In our formulas, it is most often paired with

Argan oil 3Vitamin E 2Licorice extract 1

Hemp, grapeseed, sunflower or wheat germ?

Four oils rich in linoleic acid. Only hemp provides a significant share of α-linolenic acid, and it carries a regulatory point of its own.

Hemp seed oilGrapeseed oilSunflower oilWheat germ oil
Linoleic acid59% (Felina 32, Chamaeleon)153.6 to 69.6%1062.2%959.7%9
α-linolenic acid18% (Felina 32, Chamaeleon)10.15%90.16%91.2%9
γ-linolenic acid5 to 6% (Finola, Uso31)1Not detected9Not detected9Not detected9
EU regulationNo annex in CosIng; Annex II entry 306 to check78No restrictionNo restrictionNo restriction
Carmel catalog formulas4 formulas14 formulas7 formulas5 formulas

Frequently asked questions about hemp seed oil

What is hemp seed oil?
It is the fixed oil pressed from the seeds of Cannabis sativa7. Its INCI name is CANNABIS SATIVA SEED OIL. It is rich in linoleic and α-linolenic acids1. This page covers the seed oil, not whole-plant extracts.
What are the benefits of hemp seed oil in cosmetics?
CosIng classifies it as an emollient and skin conditioning agent7. Its richness in linoleic acid1 is a formulation benchmark, but we retained no controlled trial on the oil alone: the reviews on linoleic acid rely mostly on animal or cell models5.
Is hemp seed oil good for hair?
We found no controlled study measuring its effect alone on hair: it is a formulation use. In our catalog, it goes into a rosemary-hemp shampoo and hair oils.
Is hemp seed oil comedogenic, and is it suitable for the face?
We found no official or peer-reviewed source giving a comedogenicity rating, so this page gives no figure. Tolerance on a given skin is checked with tests on the finished formula.
Is hemp seed oil allowed in cosmetics in the EU?
CosIng lists no annex for CANNABIS SATIVA SEED OIL7. Annex II of Regulation (EC) 1223/2009 consolidated on May 1, 2025 does not name hemp, but its entry 306 prohibits the narcotic drugs listed in Schedules I and II of the 1961 Single Convention8. We do not rule here on whether this entry applies to the seed oil: check it with the supplier and the regulation before any formula. Since residual cannabinoids have been measured in commercial oils3, a THC certificate of analysis for each batch is essential.
Does hemp seed oil contain THC or CBD?
Commercial seed oils contained 3.23 to 69.5 mg/kg of THC, and not all seemed to come from industrial hemp3. In 90 hemp oil cosmetics bought in Taiwan, THC was detected in 22 products and CBD in 344. Hence the value of testing each batch.
Can you manufacture a hemp seed oil or a hemp product for my brand?
Yes. Our ISO 22716 certified lab offers 4 formulas containing hemp seed oil (shampoo, hair oils, body milk) that you can customize, or a custom formula. Samples are free.

Sources

Peer-reviewed studies and official regulatory sources, checked on November 3, 2026.

  1. Da Porto C, Decorti D, Natolino A. Potential oil yield, fatty acid composition, and oxidation stability of the hempseed oil from four Cannabis sativa L. cultivars J Diet Suppl. 2015;12(1):1-10. doi:10.3109/19390211.2014.887601
  2. Arena P, Rigano F, Guarnaccia P, et al. Elucidation of the lipid composition of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) products by means of gas chromatography and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry detection Molecules. 2022;27(10):3358. doi:10.3390/molecules27103358
  3. Petrović M, Debeljak Ž, Kezić N, et al. Relationship between cannabinoids content and composition of fatty acids in hempseed oils Food Chem. 2015;170:218-225. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.039
  4. Hsu YH, Fang MC, Huang SC, et al. Determination of cannabinoids in hemp oil based cosmetic products by LC-tandem MS J Food Drug Anal. 2021;29(3):502-509. doi:10.38212/2224-6614.3370
  5. Wang X, Jia Y, He H. The role of linoleic acid in skin and hair health: a review Int J Mol Sci. 2024;26(1):246. doi:10.3390/ijms26010246
  6. Burnett CL, Fiume MM, Bergfeld WF, et al. Safety assessment of plant-derived fatty acid oils Int J Toxicol. 2017;36(3_suppl):51S-129S. doi:10.1177/1091581817740569
  7. European Commission. CosIng, entry CANNABIS SATIVA SEED OIL (CAS 89958-21-4, CE 289-644-3). ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing
  8. European Parliament and Council. Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 on cosmetic products, consolidated version of May 1, 2025, Annex II. eur-lex.europa.eu
  9. Orsavova J, Misurcova L, Ambrozova JV, et al. Fatty acids composition of vegetable oils and its contribution to dietary energy intake and dependence of cardiovascular mortality on dietary intake of fatty acids Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16(6):12871-12890. doi:10.3390/ijms160612871
  10. Sabir A, Unver A, Kara Z. The fatty acid and tocopherol constituents of the seed oil extracted from 21 grape varieties (Vitis spp.) J Sci Food Agric. 2012;92(9):1982-7. doi:10.1002/jsfa.5571
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