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Zinc PCA (zinc pidolate)

Zinc PCA is the zinc salt of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA), a natural component of the stratum corneum5. It has long been used in cosmetics for its astringent and antimicrobial properties3. Published evidence comes from the laboratory: no cosmetic sebum trial was retained. Limit: 1% as zinc2.

White zinc PCA powder in macro view on a sage green ceramic surface, with a drop on a glass slide

Zinc PCA at a glance

Entry from our cosmetic ingredient glossary. Regulatory data from the European Commission's CosIng database1 and Regulation (EC) 1223/20092. Copy the identifiers in one click for your files.

INCI name
ZINC PCA
Other names
Zinc pidolateCosIng chemical name: zinc salt of 5-oxoproline1
CAS number
68107-75-5 / 15454-75-8CosIng links two numbers to this entry1
EC number
268-475-9 / 239-473-5
CosIng functions
Humectant, skin conditioning"Humectant" and "skin conditioning" in the European nomenclature1
Appearance
White powderSoluble in water, formulated in the aqueous phase
EU status
Annex III, entry 24: 1% as zincCosIng links zinc PCA to entry 24, which limits water-soluble zinc salts to 1% (as zinc)12
Allergen to declare
NoAbsent from the fragrance allergen list of Regulation (EU) 2023/1545
Safety
Zinc salts judged safe if non-irritatingCIR panel 2024 on 27 zinc salts; zinc PCA is not named in the abstract7

What the research says

Each result shows the protocol and the level of evidence. The higher the level, the better the result carries over to a finished formula.

Clinical trialReview or consensusLaboratory

Facial skinSkincare

PCA is part of the natural moisturizing factor

Observational study
21 volunteers11 carriers of a filaggrin mutation, 10 non-carriersTape stripping sampling

PCA measured in the stratum corneum is 1.64 mmol/g of protein in non-carriers, 0.50 in carriers of one mutation and 0.18 in homozygotes5. The natural moisturizing factor is a mixture of small water-soluble molecules derived from filaggrin6. This says nothing about the effect of zinc PCA applied to skin.

Less collagen-degrading enzyme under UVA, in culture

Laboratory
Human dermal fibroblastsUVA

Zinc PCA reduces AP-1 activation and the production of metalloproteinase-1, an enzyme that degrades collagen. It also increases the vitamin C transporter SVCT2 and type I collagen synthesis. A cell culture result, produced by an industry player: it does not predict the effect of a cream3.

Zinc absorption in human skin, depending on the salt and the formula

Laboratory
Human skin in vitro72 h5 formulas: 3 emulsions, 2 ointments

Zinc from a zinc PCA emulsion is absorbed at 1.60% of the applied dose, against 0.36% for a zinc oxide ointment and 0.34% for a zinc sulfate ointment. All formulas increase epidermal zinc. The salt and the formula are not separated in this comparison4.

Sebum and shine: no cosmetic trial retained

Gap in the literature
PubMed search, November 2026

We found no controlled cosmetic trial of zinc PCA on sebum or skin shine. The use of zinc PCA for oily skin therefore rests on tradition and indirect data, not on published evidence.

Safety and regulationRegulation

Zinc salts: safe in current uses if non-irritating

Review
CIR panel 202427 zinc salts

The panel concludes that 27 inorganic and organometallic zinc salts are safe in current uses and concentrations, provided they are formulated to be non-irritating. The abstract does not name zinc PCA: exact coverage must be checked in the report7.

Cosmetic zinc adds to dietary intake

European committee opinion
SCCS 2018Toothpaste 1%, mouthwash 0.1%

For oral hygiene products, the committee estimates intake at 10 to 35% of the upper limit for zinc, depending on age. It notes that any additional source, cosmetics included, may exceed this limit in children, without being able to set the share of cosmetics8.

This page summarizes published literature on a cosmetic ingredient. It does not describe the effect of a finished product, which depends on its formula, and it is not medical advice. For zinc PCA, published data are scarce and mostly from the laboratory. The clinical trials found combine zinc PCA with other actives in products with a medical purpose: they fall outside the scope of this page and are not included. One cited study has an industry affiliation; this is noted in the sources.

Which products use zinc PCA?

Our white label catalog includes 1 formula with zinc PCA, always as a supporting ingredient. Every category can be customized (formula, fragrance, packaging).

1Body

Supporting active in a refreshing scalp spray from the men's line.

In our formulas, it is most often paired with

Hyaluronic acid 1Sage extract 1Peppermint essential oil 1Niacinamide 1Panthenol 1

Zinc PCA, niacinamide, kaolin or salicylic acid?

Four actives often chosen for oily skin. They do not exclude each other and are combined in several of our formulas.

Zinc PCANiacinamideKaolinSalicylic acid
FamilyZinc salt of PCA1Vitamin B3, see the niacinamide entryClay, see the kaolin entryBHA (common name), see the entry
Evidence on sebumNo cosmetic trial retainedClinical trials at 2%, see the niacinamide entrySee the kaolin entrySee the salicylic acid entry
EU regulationAnnex III, entry 24: 1% as zinc12No restrictionSee the kaolin entryRestricted depending on the product, see the entry
Watch pointZinc adds to dietary intake, mainly in children8See the niacinamide entrySee the kaolin entrySun protection recommended

Frequently asked questions about zinc PCA

What is zinc PCA?
It is the zinc salt of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA), also called zinc pidolate. PCA is a natural component of the stratum corneum5. In cosmetics, zinc PCA has long been used for its astringent and antimicrobial properties3.
Is zinc PCA effective for oily skin?
It is its most common use, but no controlled cosmetic trial on sebum was retained. Published data are from the laboratory: effect on fibroblasts under UVA3, absorption into skin in vitro4. In a formula, it is usually combined with better-documented actives, such as niacinamide.
Is zinc PCA useful for the scalp or hair?
No cosmetic study on this point was retained. Our catalog uses it as a supporting active in a refreshing scalp spray from the men's line, combined with other actives. This use is not backed by published evidence specific to zinc PCA.
What percentage of zinc PCA should you use?
No cited cosmetic study gives a concentration. The regulatory reference is entry 24 of Annex III: 1% maximum, expressed as zinc12. Since zinc PCA also contains PCA, the zinc content of the raw material is checked in its specification. The dose is set with the formulator.
What is the difference between zinc PCA and zinc oxide?
They are two different salts. In an in vitro comparison on human skin, zinc from a zinc PCA emulsion is absorbed at 1.60% of the dose, against 0.36% for a zinc oxide ointment, but the formula also differs between the two4. Zinc oxide falls under other entries of the regulation.
Is zinc PCA safe?
The CIR panel judges 27 zinc salts safe in current uses if non-irritating7. The European committee points out that zinc from cosmetics adds to dietary intake, which matters mainly in children8. During pregnancy, as with any skincare product, a healthcare professional's advice remains the rule.
Can you manufacture a zinc PCA product for my brand?
Yes. Our ISO 22716 certified laboratory offers one catalog formula containing zinc PCA, a refreshing scalp spray, to customize, or a custom formula that includes it in another way. Free samples are included.

Sources

Peer-reviewed studies and official regulatory sources, checked on November 3, 2026.

  1. European Commission. CosIng, entry ZINC PCA (CAS 68107-75-5 / 15454-75-8, CE 268-475-9 / 239-473-5). ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing
  2. European Parliament and Council. Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 on cosmetic products, consolidated version of May 1, 2025: Annex III, entry 24 (water-soluble zinc salts). eur-lex.europa.eu
  3. Takino Y, Okura F, Kitazawa M, et al. Zinc l-pyrrolidone carboxylate inhibits the UVA-induced production of matrix metalloproteinase-1 by in vitro cultured skin fibroblasts, whereas it enhances their collagen synthesis. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2012;34(1):23-28. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2494.2011.00676.xAjinomoto
  4. Pirot F, Millet J, Kalia YN, Humbert P. In vitro study of percutaneous absorption, cutaneous bioavailability and bioequivalence of zinc and copper from five topical formulations. Skin Pharmacol. 1996;9(4):259-269. doi:10.1159/000211423
  5. Kezic S, Kammeyer A, Calkoen F, et al. Natural moisturizing factor components in the stratum corneum as biomarkers of filaggrin genotype: evaluation of minimally invasive methods. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(5):1098-1104. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09342.x
  6. Rawlings AV, Harding CR. Moisturization and skin barrier function. Dermatol Ther. 2004;17 Suppl 1:43-48. doi:10.1111/j.1396-0296.2004.04s1005.x
  7. Scott LN, Fiume M, Zhu J, et al. Safety assessment of zinc salts as used in cosmetics. Int J Toxicol. 2024;43(2_suppl):5S-69S. doi:10.1177/10915818241227124
  8. SCCS, Granum B. Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) - Final opinion on water-soluble zinc salts used in oral hygiene products. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018;99:249-250. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.09.007
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