{"id":56248,"date":"2026-11-03T20:35:42","date_gmt":"2026-11-03T20:35:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/?page_id=56248"},"modified":"2026-11-05T12:52:35","modified_gmt":"2026-11-05T12:52:35","slug":"citric-acid","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/glossary-cosmetic-ingredients\/citric-acid\/","title":{"rendered":"Citric acid"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"56248\" class=\"elementor elementor-56248 elementor-55931 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84a0d82 e-flex e-con-full e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"84a0d82\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"ing-acide-citrique\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d2c193 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" 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.pins-list{display:block}.ig .track .pin{display:none}}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"ig\" data-ing=\"acide-citrique\" lang=\"en\" data-copy=\"Copy\" data-copied=\"Copied\">\n<nav class=\"crumbs wrap\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumb\"><ol>\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/\">Home<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/glossary-cosmetic-ingredients\/\">Ingredient glossary<\/a><\/li><li aria-current=\"page\">Citric acid<\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<header class=\"wrap hero\" id=\"top\">\n  <div class=\"hero-copy\">\n    <h1 class=\"h1-long\">Citric acid in cosmetics<\/h1>\n    <p class=\"brief\">Citric acid is an organic acid used in cosmetics mostly as a pH adjuster and chelating agent<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-1\">1<\/a>. At high doses it is also an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA): two older trials tested it at 20 and 25% as an exfoliant<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-4\">4<\/a><a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-5\">5<\/a>. The CIR panel judges it safe in current uses and concentrations<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-3\">3<\/a>.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"byline\"><span class=\"avatar\" aria-hidden=\"true\">ME<\/span>\n      <span><strong>Mohamed El Hjouji<\/strong>Founder and CEO \u00b7 Updated <time datetime=\"2026-11-03\">November 3, 2026<\/time> \u00b7 Reading time 10 min<\/span><\/div>\n    <div class=\"actions\">\n      <a class=\"btn\" href=\"#consultation\">Create a pH-adjusted product <span class=\"knob\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.8\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M5 12h14M13 6l6 6-6 6\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a>\n      <a class=\"btn-ghost\" href=\"#recherche\">Read the studies<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <figure class=\"hero-photo\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" src=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/acide-citrique-ingredient-cosmetique-carmel.webp\" srcset=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/acide-citrique-ingredient-cosmetique-carmel-300x224.webp 300w, https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/acide-citrique-ingredient-cosmetique-carmel-441x329.webp 441w, https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/acide-citrique-ingredient-cosmetique-carmel-768x574.webp 768w, https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/acide-citrique-ingredient-cosmetique-carmel-990x740.webp 990w, https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/acide-citrique-ingredient-cosmetique-carmel-1024x765.webp 1024w, https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/acide-citrique-ingredient-cosmetique-carmel.webp 1400w, https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/acide-citrique-ingredient-cosmetique-carmel.webp 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width:900px) 92vw, 46vw\" width=\"1400\" height=\"1046\" alt=\"Citric acid crystals in macro view on a sage green ceramic surface\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"| Carmel Cosmetics Labs\"><\/figure>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"bar\" id=\"bar\"><div class=\"wrap bar-in\">\n  <nav aria-label=\"On this page\"><ul><li><a href=\"#identite\">Identity<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#recherche\">Research<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#concentrations\">Concentrations<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#produits\">Products<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#comparatif\">Comparison<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#faq\">Questions<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#plus\">Reading<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#sources\">Sources<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav>\n  <a class=\"btn sm\" href=\"#consultation\" tabindex=\"-1\">Create my product <span class=\"knob\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.8\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M5 12h14M13 6l6 6-6 6\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n  <span class=\"bar-prog\" id=\"prog\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><\/div>\n<section class=\"sec\" id=\"identite\" aria-labelledby=\"h-id\"><div class=\"wrap id-grid\">\n  <div><h2 class=\"h2\" id=\"h-id\">Citric acid at a glance<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"lede\">Entry from our <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/glossary-cosmetic-ingredients\/\">cosmetic ingredient glossary<\/a>. Regulatory data from the European Commission's CosIng database<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-1\">1<\/a> and Regulation (EC) 1223\/2009<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-2\">2<\/a>, safety according to the CIR expert panel<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-3\">3<\/a>. Copy the identifiers in one click for your files.<\/p><\/div>\n  <dl class=\"spec\"><div><dt>INCI name<\/dt><dd><span class=\"\">CITRIC ACID<\/span><button class=\"copy\" type=\"button\" data-copy=\"CITRIC ACID\" aria-label=\"Copy: INCI name\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"9\" y=\"9\" width=\"11\" height=\"11\" rx=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M5 15V5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h8\"\/><\/svg>Copy<\/button><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Other names<\/dt><dd>2-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid<small>Chemical name according to CosIng<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-1\">1<\/a>; E330 when used as a food additive<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>CAS number<\/dt><dd><span class=\"num\">77-92-9<\/span><button class=\"copy\" type=\"button\" data-copy=\"77-92-9\" aria-label=\"Copy: CAS number\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"9\" y=\"9\" width=\"11\" height=\"11\" rx=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M5 15V5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h8\"\/><\/svg>Copy<\/button><small>CosIng also lists 5949-29-1, that of the monohydrate form<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-1\">1<\/a><\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>EC number<\/dt><dd><span class=\"num\">201-069-1<\/span><button class=\"copy\" type=\"button\" data-copy=\"201-069-1\" aria-label=\"Copy: EC number\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"9\" y=\"9\" width=\"11\" height=\"11\" rx=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M5 15V5a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h8\"\/><\/svg>Copy<\/button><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Formula<\/dt><dd class=\"num\">C\u2086H\u2088O\u2087<small>Molar mass 192.12 g\/mol (anhydrous form)<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>CosIng functions<\/dt><dd>Buffering, chelating, fragrance<small>\"Buffering\", \"chelating\" and \"fragrance\"; CosIng does not declare an exfoliating function for it<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-1\">1<\/a><\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Appearance<\/dt><dd>White crystalline powder<small>Very soluble in water, dissolves in the water phase<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>EU status<\/dt><dd>No restriction for citric acid alone<small>Absent from the annexes as such. Only the mixture of citric acid and silver citrate appears in Annex V, entry 59 (preservative, 0.2%, prohibited in oral products and eye products)<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-2\">2<\/a><\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Allergen to declare<\/dt><dd>No<small>Absent from the fragrance allergen list of Regulation (EU) 2023\/1545<\/small><\/dd><\/div><div><dt>Safety<\/dt><dd>Judged safe in cosmetics<small>CIR panel 2014: safe in current uses and concentrations<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-3\">3<\/a><\/small><\/dd><\/div><\/dl><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"sec research\" id=\"recherche\" aria-labelledby=\"h-r\"><div class=\"wrap\">\n  <div class=\"r-head\"><div><h2 class=\"h2\" id=\"h-r\">What the research says<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"lede\">Each result shows the protocol and the level of evidence. The higher the level, the better the result carries over to a finished formula.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n  <div class=\"r-tools\"><div class=\"seg\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Filter by area\" id=\"rfilter\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-d=\"all\">All <span>9<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-d=\"visage\">Skin <span>3<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-d=\"ph\">pH <span>2<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-d=\"derm\">Experts <span>4<\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"legend\" aria-label=\"Levels of evidence\"><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot c\"><\/i>Clinical trial<\/span><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot r\"><\/i>Review or consensus<\/span><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot v\"><\/i>Laboratory<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n  <div class=\"domain\" data-d=\"visage\"><h3>Facial and body skin<span>Skincare<\/span><\/h3><div class=\"finds\"><article class=\"find\"><div class=\"find-top\"><h4>Thicker epidermis after 3 months at 20%<\/h4><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot c\"><\/i>Clinical trial<\/span><\/div><div class=\"meta\"><span>20%<\/span><span>3 months<\/span><span>Lotion versus vehicle alone<\/span><span>Biopsies of sun-damaged skin<\/span><\/div><p>The thickness of the living epidermis and the glycosaminoglycan content of the dermis increase. The authors describe changes comparable to those seen with glycolic acid and ammonium lactate<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-4\">4<\/a>.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"find\"><div class=\"find-top\"><h4>Thicker skin with a 25% AHA<\/h4><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot c\"><\/i>Clinical trial<\/span><\/div><div class=\"meta\"><span>25% glycolic, lactic or citric<\/span><span>6 months on average<\/span><span>Forearm, versus placebo<\/span><span>Biopsies<\/span><\/div><p>Skin thickness increases by about 25%, with a thicker epidermis and a dermis denser in collagen. The study does not separate the effect of each acid<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-5\">5<\/a>.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"find\"><div class=\"find-top\"><h4>More collagen, pigment more visible than with glycolic acid<\/h4><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot c\"><\/i>Clinical trial<\/span><\/div><div class=\"meta\"><span>Glycolic, lactic, citric, acetic<\/span><span>One application a day<\/span><span>6 weeks<\/span><span>Skin of Japanese subjects<\/span><\/div><p>Collagen I and procollagen I increase with glycolic, lactic and citric acids, not with acetic acid. Melanin stays more visible with citric and acetic acids than with glycolic and lactic acids, which the authors judge the most useful<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-6\">6<\/a>.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/div><div class=\"domain\" data-d=\"ph\"><h3>pH, the main role in formulation<span>Formulation<\/span><\/h3><div class=\"finds\"><article class=\"find\"><div class=\"find-top\"><h4>The natural pH of skin is about 4.7<\/h4><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot c\"><\/i>Clinical trial<\/span><\/div><div class=\"meta\"><span>330 volunteers<\/span><span>Forearm<\/span><span>24 h without showering or product<\/span><\/div><p>Surface pH goes from 5.12 to 4.93 after 24 h without product; the authors estimate the natural pH at 4.7. Skin below pH 5 shows better barrier, hydration and desquamation parameters. This benchmark explains why formulas are acidified; the study does not cover citric acid<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-10\">10<\/a>.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"find\"><div class=\"find-top\"><h4>Mild detergents aim for a pH close to 5.5<\/h4><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot r\"><\/i>Review<\/span><\/div><div class=\"meta\"><span>1995 review<\/span><\/div><p>Unlike alkaline soap, synthetic detergents with a pH close to 5.5 do not interfere with the skin flora, which is tied to surface pH<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-11\">11<\/a>.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/div><div class=\"domain\" data-d=\"derm\"><h3>Expert and authority views<span>Dermatology<\/span><\/h3><div class=\"finds\"><article class=\"find\"><div class=\"find-top\"><h4>A pH adjuster and chelating agent judged safe<\/h4><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot r\"><\/i>Expert assessment<\/span><\/div><div class=\"meta\"><span>CIR panel 2014<\/span><span>Citric acid, 12 salts and 20 esters<\/span><\/div><p>The panel describes citric acid as a pH adjuster, chelating agent or fragrance, and concludes that these ingredients are safe in current uses and concentrations. Because citric acid is a food additive recognized as safe in the United States, the assessment focused on skin exposure<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-3\">3<\/a>.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"find\"><div class=\"find-top\"><h4>AHA ceilings: 10% and pH 3.5, for glycolic and lactic acids<\/h4><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot r\"><\/i>Expert consensus<\/span><\/div><div class=\"meta\"><span>CIR panel, relayed by the FDA<\/span><\/div><p>Products with glycolic and lactic acids are judged safe up to 10%, at a pH of 3.5 or higher and with a formula or instructions that protect from the sun. These ceilings target those two acids: the FDA lists citric acid among the other AHAs without giving it a figure<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a>.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"find\"><div class=\"find-top\"><h4>Sun sensitivity, reversible<\/h4><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot r\"><\/i>Review<\/span><\/div><div class=\"meta\"><span>FDA page and 2010 review<\/span><\/div><p>In volunteers, applying AHAs increases sensitivity to UV-induced redness by 18% after 4 weeks, reversibly<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a>. The Kornhauser review stresses the safety of prolonged use on exposed skin and notes that the mechanisms of action remain to be clarified<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-7\">7<\/a>.<\/p><\/article><article class=\"find\"><div class=\"find-top\"><h4>European benchmarks for neighboring AHAs<\/h4><span class=\"lvl\"><i class=\"dot r\"><\/i>Review<\/span><\/div><div class=\"meta\"><span>2024 review<\/span><\/div><p>According to this review, the European scientific committee recommends up to 4% and a pH of 3.8 or higher for glycolic acid, 2.5% and a pH of 5 or higher for lactic acid. The optimal concentration remains poorly defined<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-8\">8<\/a>.<\/p><\/article><\/div><\/div>\n  <p class=\"frame\">This page summarizes published literature on a cosmetic ingredient. It does not describe the effect of a finished product, which depends on its formula, and it is not medical advice. Some of the studies cited were run or funded by manufacturers; this is stated in the sources. Citric acid is studied almost only as an exfoliating AHA, a minority use: its main role, adjusting pH, is the subject of no trial that isolates it.<\/p><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"sec\" id=\"concentrations\" aria-labelledby=\"h-c\"><div class=\"wrap dose\">\n  <div><h2 class=\"h2\" id=\"h-c\">Concentrations used in studies<\/h2><p class=\"lede\">No study quantifies the use of citric acid as a pH adjuster: the amount is set by the target pH, measured on the formula. The benchmarks below concern the exfoliating effect: two older trials test 20 and 25%, far above the published benchmarks for neighboring AHAs<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-4\">4<\/a><a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-5\">5<\/a><a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-8\">8<\/a><a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a>.<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"scale dense\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Scale from 0 to 30%: benchmarks for neighboring AHAs at 4% and 10%, citric acid trials at 20% and 25%\"><div class=\"track\"><div class=\"band\" style=\"left:13.3333%;width:20%\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"pin\" style=\"left:13.3333%\"><strong class=\"num\">4%<\/strong><span>European benchmark for glycolic acid, pH 3.8 or higher<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-8\">8<\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"pin\" style=\"left:33.3333%\"><strong class=\"num\">10%<\/strong><span>CIR ceiling for glycolic and lactic acids, pH 3.5 or higher<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"pin\" style=\"left:66.6667%\"><strong class=\"num\">20%<\/strong><span>Citric acid lotion, 3 months<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-4\">4<\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"pin\" style=\"left:83.3333%\"><strong class=\"num\">25%<\/strong><span>AHA including citric, 6 months<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-5\">5<\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"ticks\"><span class=\"tick num\" style=\"left:0%\">0%<\/span><span class=\"tick num\" style=\"left:16.6667%\">5<\/span><span class=\"tick num\" style=\"left:33.3333%\">10<\/span><span class=\"tick num\" style=\"left:50%\">15<\/span><span class=\"tick num\" style=\"left:66.6667%\">20<\/span><span class=\"tick num\" style=\"left:83.3333%\">25<\/span><span class=\"tick num\" style=\"left:100%\">30%<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n  <ul class=\"pins-list\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><li><strong class=\"num\">4%<\/strong><span>European benchmark for glycolic acid, pH 3.8 or higher<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-8\">8<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><strong class=\"num\">10%<\/strong><span>CIR ceiling for glycolic and lactic acids, pH 3.5 or higher<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><strong class=\"num\">20%<\/strong><span>Citric acid lotion, 3 months<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-4\">4<\/a><\/span><\/li><li><strong class=\"num\">25%<\/strong><span>AHA including citric, 6 months<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-5\">5<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"sec products\" id=\"produits\" aria-labelledby=\"h-p\"><div class=\"wrap\">\n  <div class=\"p-head\"><div><h2 class=\"h2\" id=\"h-p\">Which products can use citric acid?<\/h2>\n  <p class=\"lede\">No formula in our <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/personalized-cosmetics-products-catalog\/\">white label catalog<\/a> features citric acid yet. Our <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/cosmetic-formulation-lab\/\">formulation lab<\/a> can add it to a custom formula or to a catalog formula. Its common uses:<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n  <div class=\"p-cols\" style=\"--pc:3\"><div class=\"p-col on\"><h3>Face<\/h3><p>pH adjuster in serums, toners, cleansers and creams, chelating agent for trace metals.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"p-col on\"><h3>Body<\/h3><p>pH adjustment of shower gels, body lotions and creams.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"p-col on\"><h3>Hair<\/h3><p>pH adjustment of shampoos and conditioners.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"sec\" id=\"comparatif\" aria-labelledby=\"h-cmp\"><div class=\"wrap\">\n  <h2 class=\"h2\" id=\"h-cmp\">Citric, glycolic, lactic or mandelic acid?<\/h2><p class=\"lede\">Four alpha-hydroxy acids. Citric acid is mainly a pH adjuster; the other three are chosen as exfoliants. Each has its own detailed page.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"seg c-pick\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"Compare with\" id=\"cpick\"><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"true\" data-c=\"3\">Glycolic<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-c=\"4\">Lactic<\/button><button type=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" data-c=\"5\">Mandelic<\/button><\/div>\n  <div class=\"tbl-wrap\"><table class=\"cmp\" id=\"cmp\" data-c=\"3\"><colgroup><col><col class=\"me\"><col><col><col><\/colgroup>\n  <thead><tr><td><\/td><th scope=\"col\">Citric acid<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Glycolic acid<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Lactic acid<\/th><th scope=\"col\">Mandelic acid<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th scope=\"row\">Main role<\/th><td>pH adjuster and chelating agent<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-1\">1<\/a><\/td><td>AHA exfoliant, also a buffer in CosIng<\/td><td>Exfoliant and humectant<\/td><td>AHA exfoliant with a benzene ring<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">What the studies show<\/th><td>Thicker epidermis at 20%<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-4\">4<\/a>; pigment more visible than with glycolic acid<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-6\">6<\/a><\/td><td>Less pigment visible than with citric acid<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-6\">6<\/a><\/td><td>Less pigment visible than with citric acid<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-6\">6<\/a><\/td><td>See the mandelic acid page<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">EU regulation<\/th><td>No restriction for the acid alone<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-1\">1<\/a><a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-2\">2<\/a><\/td><td>No restriction in the annexes. Benchmark: 4%, pH 3.8 or higher<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-8\">8<\/a><\/td><td>No restriction in the annexes. Benchmark: 2.5%, pH 5 or higher<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-8\">8<\/a><\/td><td>No restriction, no numeric benchmark<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Expert opinion<\/th><td>CIR panel: safe in current uses<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-3\">3<\/a><\/td><td>CIR panel: 10% maximum, pH 3.5 or higher<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a><\/td><td>CIR panel: 10% maximum, pH 3.5 or higher<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a><\/td><td>No dedicated opinion, see the page<\/td><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\">Sun<\/th><td>Precaution of the AHA family at exfoliating doses<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a><\/td><td>Increased UV sensitivity during use<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a><\/td><td>Sun protection recommended with AHAs<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a><\/td><td>Sun protection recommended with AHAs<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"sec\" id=\"faq\" aria-labelledby=\"h-faq\"><div class=\"wrap faq-grid\">\n  <h2 class=\"h2\" id=\"h-faq\">Frequently asked questions about citric acid<\/h2><div class=\"faq\"><details open><summary>What is citric acid used for in cosmetics?<svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12 5v14M5 12h14\"\/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"a\">It is mainly used to adjust the pH of a formula and to bind trace metals (buffering and chelating functions in CosIng)<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-1\">1<\/a>. pH matters for comfort: that of skin is about 4.7<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-10\">10<\/a>. At high doses, it can also exfoliate, like other AHAs<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-4\">4<\/a><a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-5\">5<\/a>.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Is citric acid an AHA?<svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12 5v14M5 12h14\"\/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"a\">Yes, it is an alpha-hydroxy acid, listed among the AHAs by the FDA<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a>. But it is not the most used: in the histological study cited, glycolic and lactic acids leave less melanin visible than citric acid<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-6\">6<\/a>. See the pages on <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/glossary-cosmetic-ingredients\/glycolic-acid\/\">glycolic acid<\/a>, <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/glossary-cosmetic-ingredients\/lactic-acid\/\">lactic acid<\/a> and <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/glossary-cosmetic-ingredients\/mandelic-acid\/\">mandelic acid<\/a>.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>What percentage of citric acid should a product contain?<svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12 5v14M5 12h14\"\/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"a\">As a pH adjuster, there is no fixed percentage: you aim for a pH and measure it on the finished formula. As an exfoliant, two older trials test 20 and 25%<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-4\">4<\/a><a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-5\">5<\/a>, well above the benchmarks for other AHAs (4% at pH 3.8 for glycolic acid according to the European committee, 10% at pH 3.5 according to the CIR)<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-8\">8<\/a><a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a>. The European regulation sets no ceiling for citric acid alone<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-2\">2<\/a>.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can you use food-grade or household citric acid in a cosmetic?<svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12 5v14M5 12h14\"\/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"a\">The molecule is the same, but a cosmetic requires a cosmetic-grade, traceable raw material and a pH checked on the finished formula. We advise against homemade preparations based on acid powder: pH cannot be judged by eye. For a brand, development and stability testing are part of formulation.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Is citric acid harmful to skin?<svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12 5v14M5 12h14\"\/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"a\">The CIR panel judges it safe in current uses and concentrations<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-3\">3<\/a>. Like any acid, it can irritate if applied pure or badly dosed, hence the pH control of the finished formula. At exfoliating doses, the sun precaution that applies to AHAs applies here too<a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-7\">7<\/a><a class=\"ref\" href=\"#src-9\">9<\/a>.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Citric acid and hair: is it useful in a shampoo?<svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12 5v14M5 12h14\"\/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"a\">It is used there to adjust the pH of shampoos and conditioners. We found no controlled study showing a benefit specific to citric acid on hair: this page therefore promises none.<\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can you formulate a pH-adjusted product for my brand?<svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M12 5v14M5 12h14\"\/><\/svg><\/summary><div class=\"a\">Yes. Our <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/iso-22716-certified-cosmetics-manufacturer\/\">ISO 22716 certified<\/a> lab sets the pH of each formula and validates it with stability tests. You start from a catalog formula to customize or from a <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/cosmetic-formulation-lab\/\">custom formula<\/a>. Free samples are included.<\/div><\/details><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"sec\" id=\"plus\" aria-labelledby=\"h-more\" style=\"padding-top:0\"><div class=\"wrap more-grid\">\n  <div><h2 class=\"h2\" id=\"h-more\">Further reading<\/h2><div class=\"hubs\"><a class=\"chip\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/glossary-cosmetic-ingredients\/\">Ingredient glossary<\/a><a class=\"chip\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/personalized-cosmetics-products-catalog\/white-label-face-cleansers\/\">White label face cleansers<\/a><a class=\"chip\" href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/cosmetic-formulation-lab\/\">Custom cosmetic formulation<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n  <ul class=\"more-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/peri-procedural-skincare-private-label\/\"><span><strong>Peri-procedural skincare: create a white label dermocosmetic range<\/strong><small>An example of a physiological pH formula, 5.5, for sensitized skin<\/small><\/span><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M5 12h14M13 6l6 6-6 6\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/cosmetic-product-specification-guide\/\"><span><strong>Cosmetic product specification: 5 secrets to succeed<\/strong><small>Organic specifications: the restrictive list of synthetic chemistry, pH included<\/small><\/span><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M5 12h14M13 6l6 6-6 6\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/natural-vs-synthetic-cosmetics\/\"><span><strong>Natural vs synthetic cosmetics<\/strong><small>Origin of ingredients, pros and cons of each approach<\/small><\/span><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M5 12h14M13 6l6 6-6 6\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/trending-cosmetic-ingredients-2026\/\"><span><strong>Top 10 trending cosmetic ingredients in 2026<\/strong><small>The actives to add to a white label range<\/small><\/span><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.75\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M5 12h14M13 6l6 6-6 6\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"sec sources\" id=\"sources\" aria-labelledby=\"h-s\"><div class=\"wrap\">\n  <h2 class=\"h2\" id=\"h-s\">Sources<\/h2><p class=\"lede\">Peer-reviewed studies and official regulatory sources, checked on November 3, 2026.<\/p>\n  <ol class=\"src\"><li id=\"src-1\"><span>European Commission. <em>CosIng, entry CITRIC ACID<\/em> (CAS 77-92-9, EC 201-069-1). <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/growth\/tools-databases\/cosing\/details\/32858\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ec.europa.eu\/growth\/tools-databases\/cosing<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"src-2\"><span>European Parliament and Council. <em>Regulation (EC) No 1223\/2009 on cosmetic products<\/em>, version consolidated on May 1, 2025: Annex V, entry 59 (citric acid and silver citrate); no entry for citric acid alone in Annexes II to VI. <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/FR\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:02009R1223-20250501\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">eur-lex.europa.eu<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"src-3\"><span>Fiume MM, Heldreth BA, Bergfeld WF, et al. <em>Safety Assessment of Citric Acid, Inorganic Citrate Salts, and Alkyl Citrate Esters as Used in Cosmetics.<\/em> Int J Toxicol. 2014;33(2 Suppl):16S-46S. <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1091581814526891\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1177\/1091581814526891<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"src-4\"><span>Bernstein EF, Underhill CB, Lakkakorpi J, et al. <em>Citric acid increases viable epidermal thickness and glycosaminoglycan content of sun-damaged skin.<\/em> Dermatol Surg. 1997;23(8):689-694. <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1997.tb00391.x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1997.tb00391.x<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"src-5\"><span>Ditre CM, Griffin TD, Murphy GF, et al. <em>Effects of alpha-hydroxy acids on photoaged skin: a pilot clinical, histologic, and ultrastructural study.<\/em> J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996;34(2 Pt 1):187-195. <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0190-9622(96)80110-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1016\/s0190-9622(96)80110-1<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"src-6\"><span>Yamamoto Y, Uede K, Yonei N, et al. <em>Effects of alpha-hydroxy acids on the human skin of Japanese subjects: the rationale for chemical peeling.<\/em> J Dermatol. 2006;33(1):16-22. <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2006.00003.x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2006.00003.x<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"src-7\"><span>Kornhauser A, Coelho SG, Hearing VJ. <em>Applications of hydroxy acids: classification, mechanisms, and photoactivity.<\/em> Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2010;3:135-142. <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CCID.S9042\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.2147\/CCID.S9042<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"src-8\"><span>Almeman AA. <em>Evaluating the efficacy and safety of alpha-hydroxy acids in dermatological practice: a comprehensive clinical and legal review.<\/em> Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2024;17:1661-1685. <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CCID.S453243\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.2147\/CCID.S453243<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"src-9\"><span>Food and Drug Administration (United States). <em>Alpha hydroxy acids<\/em>, \"Cosmetic Ingredients\" page. <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/cosmetics\/cosmetic-ingredients\/alpha-hydroxy-acids\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fda.gov<\/a><\/span><\/li><li id=\"src-10\"><span>Lambers H, Piessens S, Bloem A, et al. <em>Natural skin surface pH is on average below 5, which is beneficial for its resident flora.<\/em> Int J Cosmet Sci. 2006;28(5):359-370. <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2006.00344.x\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2006.00344.x<\/a><span class=\"tag\">Sara Lee Household and Body Care<\/span><\/span><\/li><li id=\"src-11\"><span>Schmid MH, Korting HC. <em>The concept of the acid mantle of the skin: its relevance for the choice of skin cleansers.<\/em> Dermatology. 1995;191(4):276-280. <a class=\"txt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000246568\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doi:10.1159\/000246568<\/a><\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/section>\n\n<div class=\"fab\" id=\"fab\"><a class=\"btn\" href=\"#consultation\">Create a pH-adjusted product <span class=\"knob\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.8\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M5 12h14M13 6l6 6-6 6\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"scrim\" id=\"scrim\"><\/div><div class=\"pop\" id=\"pop\" role=\"dialog\" aria-modal=\"false\" aria-labelledby=\"pop-n\" hidden><div class=\"pop-n\" id=\"pop-n\"><\/div><div class=\"pop-body\" id=\"pop-body\"><\/div><div class=\"pop-foot\"><a class=\"txt-link\" id=\"pop-all\" href=\"#sources\">All sources<\/a><button class=\"pop-x\" type=\"button\" id=\"pop-x\">Close<\/button><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@graph\": [{\"@type\": \"WebPage\", \"@id\": 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{\"@type\": \"ScholarlyArticle\", \"name\": \"Citric acid increases viable epidermal thickness and glycosaminoglycan content of sun-damaged skin\", \"sameAs\": \"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1997.tb00391.x\", \"datePublished\": \"1997\"}, {\"@type\": \"ScholarlyArticle\", \"name\": \"Effects of alpha-hydroxy acids on photoaged skin: a pilot clinical, histologic, and ultrastructural study\", \"sameAs\": \"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0190-9622(96)80110-1\", \"datePublished\": \"1996\"}, {\"@type\": \"ScholarlyArticle\", \"name\": \"Effects of alpha-hydroxy acids on the human skin of Japanese subjects: the rationale for chemical peeling\", \"sameAs\": \"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2006.00003.x\", \"datePublished\": \"2006\"}, {\"@type\": \"ScholarlyArticle\", \"name\": \"Applications of hydroxy acids: classification, mechanisms, and photoactivity\", \"sameAs\": \"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CCID.S9042\", \"datePublished\": \"2010\"}, {\"@type\": 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At high doses, it can also exfoliate, like other AHAs.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is citric acid an AHA?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, it is an alpha-hydroxy acid, listed among the AHAs by the FDA. But it is not the most used: in the histological study cited, glycolic and lactic acids leave less melanin visible than citric acid. See the pages on glycolic acid, lactic acid and mandelic acid.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What percentage of citric acid should a product contain?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"As a pH adjuster, there is no fixed percentage: you aim for a pH and measure it on the finished formula. As an exfoliant, two older trials test 20 and 25%, well above the benchmarks for other AHAs (4% at pH 3.8 for glycolic acid according to the European committee, 10% at pH 3.5 according to the CIR). The European regulation sets no ceiling for citric acid alone.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can you use food-grade or household citric acid in a cosmetic?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The molecule is the same, but a cosmetic requires a cosmetic-grade, traceable raw material and a pH checked on the finished formula. We advise against homemade preparations based on acid powder: pH cannot be judged by eye. For a brand, development and stability testing are part of formulation.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is citric acid harmful to skin?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The CIR panel judges it safe in current uses and concentrations. Like any acid, it can irritate if applied pure or badly dosed, hence the pH control of the finished formula. At exfoliating doses, the sun precaution that applies to AHAs applies here too.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Citric acid and hair: is it useful in a shampoo?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It is used there to adjust the pH of shampoos and conditioners. We found no controlled study showing a benefit specific to citric acid on hair: this page therefore promises none.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can you formulate a pH-adjusted product for my brand?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Our ISO 22716 certified lab sets the pH of each formula and validates it with stability tests. You start from a catalog formula to customize or from a custom formula. 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elementor-widget-eael-wpforms\" data-id=\"bf3f351\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-wpforms.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t            <div class=\"eael-contact-form eael-wpforms eael-wpforms-align-default\">\n                                <div class=\"wpforms-container wpforms-container-full wpforms-render-modern\" id=\"wpforms-28270\"><form id=\"wpforms-form-28270\" class=\"wpforms-validate wpforms-form wpforms-ajax-form\" data-formid=\"28270\" method=\"post\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\" action=\"\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/56248\" data-token=\"1a6c3a68ef8f7b7f2f6489a2cc53529c\" data-token-time=\"1794233798\"><div class=\"wpforms-head-container\"><div class=\"wpforms-title\">Lead EN \u2013 Demande de devis<\/div><div class=\"wpforms-description\">Tell us about your project. A product specialist will get back to you shortly.<\/div><\/div><noscript class=\"wpforms-error-noscript\">Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.<\/noscript><div id=\"wpforms-error-noscript\" style=\"display: none;\">Please enable JavaScript in your browser to complete this form.<\/div><div class=\"wpforms-field-container\"><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_26-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-html\" data-field-type=\"html\" data-field-id=\"26\"><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_26\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_26-error\"><center>CONTACT INFORMATION<\/center><\/div><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_8-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-name\" data-field-type=\"name\" data-field-id=\"8\"><fieldset><legend class=\"wpforms-field-label wpforms-label-hide\" aria-hidden=\"false\">Name <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\" aria-hidden=\"true\">*<\/span><\/legend><div class=\"wpforms-field-row wpforms-field-large\"><div class=\"wpforms-field-row-block wpforms-first wpforms-one-half\"><input type=\"text\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_8\" class=\"wpforms-field-name-first wpforms-field-required\" name=\"wpforms[fields][8][first]\" placeholder=\"First Name\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_8-error\" required><label for=\"wpforms-28270-field_8\" class=\"wpforms-field-sublabel after wpforms-sublabel-hide\">Pr\u00e9nom<\/label><\/div><div class=\"wpforms-field-row-block wpforms-one-half\"><input type=\"text\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_8-last\" class=\"wpforms-field-name-last wpforms-field-required\" name=\"wpforms[fields][8][last]\" placeholder=\"Last Name\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_8-last-error\" required><label for=\"wpforms-28270-field_8-last\" class=\"wpforms-field-sublabel after wpforms-sublabel-hide\">Nom<\/label><\/div><\/div><\/fieldset><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_10-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-layout\" data-field-type=\"layout\" data-field-id=\"10\"><div class=\"wpforms-field-layout-columns wpforms-field-layout-preset-50-50\"><div class=\"wpforms-layout-column wpforms-layout-column-50\" ><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_9-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-email\" data-field-type=\"email\" data-field-id=\"9\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label wpforms-label-hide\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_9\" aria-hidden=\"false\">Email <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\" aria-hidden=\"true\">*<\/span><\/label><input type=\"email\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_9\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium wpforms-field-required\" name=\"wpforms[fields][9]\" placeholder=\"Email\" spellcheck=\"false\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_9-error\" required><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_39-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-select wpforms-field-select-style-modern\" data-field-type=\"select\" data-field-id=\"39\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_39\">Preferred Contact Method<\/label><select id=\"wpforms-28270-field_39\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium choicesjs-select\" data-size-class=\"wpforms-field-row wpforms-field-medium\" data-search-enabled=\"\" name=\"wpforms[fields][39]\"><option value=\"\" class=\"placeholder\" disabled  selected='selected'>Please select your preferred method of contact<\/option><option value=\"WhatsApp\"  class=\"choice-1 depth-1\"  >WhatsApp<\/option><option value=\"Email\"  class=\"choice-2 depth-1\"  >Email<\/option><option value=\"Call only\"  class=\"choice-3 depth-1\"  >Call only<\/option><\/select><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpforms-layout-column wpforms-layout-column-50\" ><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_11-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-phone\" data-field-type=\"phone\" data-field-id=\"11\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label wpforms-label-hide\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_11\" aria-hidden=\"false\">Phone <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\" aria-hidden=\"true\">*<\/span><\/label><input type=\"tel\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_11\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium wpforms-field-required wpforms-smart-phone-field\" data-rule-smart-phone-field=\"true\" name=\"wpforms[fields][11]\" placeholder=\"Phone\" aria-label=\"Phone\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_11-error\" required><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_13-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-text\" data-field-type=\"text\" data-field-id=\"13\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label wpforms-label-hide\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_13\" aria-hidden=\"false\">Company or brand name \/ website<\/label><input type=\"text\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_13\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium\" name=\"wpforms[fields][13]\" placeholder=\"Company or brand name \/ website\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_13-error\" ><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_27-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-html\" data-field-type=\"html\" data-field-id=\"27\"><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_27\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_27-error\"><center>PROJECT INFORMATION<\/center><\/div><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_35-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-checkbox wpforms-list-2-columns\" data-field-type=\"checkbox\" data-field-id=\"35\"><fieldset><legend class=\"wpforms-field-label\">Which cosmetics category interests you most? <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\" aria-hidden=\"true\">*<\/span><\/legend><ul id=\"wpforms-28270-field_35\" class=\"wpforms-field-required\"><li class=\"choice-1 depth-1\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_1\" name=\"wpforms[fields][35][]\" value=\"Face care Products\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_1-error\" required ><label class=\"wpforms-field-label-inline\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_1\">Face care Products<\/label><\/li><li class=\"choice-2 depth-1\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_2\" name=\"wpforms[fields][35][]\" value=\"Haircare Products\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_2-error\" required ><label class=\"wpforms-field-label-inline\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_2\">Haircare Products<\/label><\/li><li class=\"choice-3 depth-1\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_3\" name=\"wpforms[fields][35][]\" value=\"Bodycare Products\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_3-error\" required ><label class=\"wpforms-field-label-inline\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_3\">Bodycare Products<\/label><\/li><li class=\"choice-4 depth-1\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_4\" name=\"wpforms[fields][35][]\" value=\"Lipcare Products\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_4-error\" required ><label class=\"wpforms-field-label-inline\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_4\">Lipcare Products<\/label><\/li><li class=\"choice-5 depth-1\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_5\" name=\"wpforms[fields][35][]\" value=\"Men&#039;s grooming Products\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_5-error\" required ><label class=\"wpforms-field-label-inline\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_5\">Men's grooming Products<\/label><\/li><li class=\"choice-6 depth-1\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_6\" name=\"wpforms[fields][35][]\" value=\"Niche Products\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_6-error\" required ><label class=\"wpforms-field-label-inline\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_6\">Niche Products<\/label><\/li><li class=\"choice-7 depth-1\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_7\" name=\"wpforms[fields][35][]\" value=\"Intimate Products\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_7-error\" required ><label class=\"wpforms-field-label-inline\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_7\">Intimate Products<\/label><\/li><li class=\"choice-8 depth-1\"><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_8\" name=\"wpforms[fields][35][]\" value=\"Others\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_8-error\" required ><label class=\"wpforms-field-label-inline\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_35_8\">Others<\/label><\/li><\/ul><\/fieldset><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_30-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-select wpforms-field-select-style-modern\" data-field-type=\"select\" data-field-id=\"30\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_30\">What would be the quantity of your order per product? <span class=\"wpforms-required-label\" aria-hidden=\"true\">*<\/span><\/label><select id=\"wpforms-28270-field_30\" class=\"wpforms-field-large wpforms-field-required choicesjs-select\" data-size-class=\"wpforms-field-row wpforms-field-large\" data-search-enabled=\"\" name=\"wpforms[fields][30]\" required=\"required\"><option value=\"\" class=\"placeholder\" disabled  selected='selected'><\/option><option value=\"less than 1000 units\"  class=\"choice-1 depth-1\"  >less than 1000 units<\/option><option value=\"1000 - 5000 units\"  class=\"choice-3 depth-1\"  >1000 - 5000 units<\/option><option value=\"5000 - 10000 units\"  class=\"choice-6 depth-1\"  >5000 - 10000 units<\/option><option value=\"10000 - 50000 units\"  class=\"choice-7 depth-1\"  >10000 - 50000 units<\/option><option value=\"more than 50000 units\"  class=\"choice-4 depth-1\"  >more than 50000 units<\/option><option value=\"Not sure yet\"  class=\"choice-8 depth-1\"  >Not sure yet<\/option><\/select><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_22-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-textarea\" data-field-type=\"textarea\" data-field-id=\"22\"><label class=\"wpforms-field-label\" for=\"wpforms-28270-field_22\">Please describe your project?<\/label><textarea id=\"wpforms-28270-field_22\" class=\"wpforms-field-medium\" name=\"wpforms[fields][22]\" placeholder=\"Your products and objectives? Detailed cosmetic product specifications? A link to download your reference files or images? Or anything else that might help us better understand your project.\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_22-error\" ><\/textarea><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_24-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-content\" data-field-type=\"content\" data-field-id=\"24\"><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_24\" class=\"wpforms-field-large wpforms-field-row\" aria-errormessage=\"wpforms-28270-field_24-error\"><p>By submitting this form, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wpforms-field-content-display-frontend-clear\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_52-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-utm_source\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"52\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_52\" name=\"wpforms[fields][52]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_53-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-utm_medium\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"53\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_53\" name=\"wpforms[fields][53]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_54-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-utm_campaign\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"54\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_54\" name=\"wpforms[fields][54]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_55-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-utm_term\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"55\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_55\" name=\"wpforms[fields][55]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_56-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-utm_content\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"56\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_56\" name=\"wpforms[fields][56]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_57-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-gclid\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"57\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_57\" name=\"wpforms[fields][57]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_58-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-gbraid\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"58\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_58\" name=\"wpforms[fields][58]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_59-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-wbraid\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"59\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_59\" name=\"wpforms[fields][59]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_60-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-fbclid\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"60\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_60\" name=\"wpforms[fields][60]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_61-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-landing\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"61\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_61\" name=\"wpforms[fields][61]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_62-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-referrer\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"62\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_62\" name=\"wpforms[fields][62]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_63-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-first_touch\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"63\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_63\" name=\"wpforms[fields][63]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_64-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-canal\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"64\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_64\" name=\"wpforms[fields][64]\"><\/div><div id=\"wpforms-28270-field_65-container\" class=\"wpforms-field wpforms-field-hidden ccl-campagne\" data-field-type=\"hidden\" data-field-id=\"65\"><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"wpforms-28270-field_65\" name=\"wpforms[fields][65]\"><\/div><\/div><!-- .wpforms-field-container --><div class=\"wpforms-submit-container\" ><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"wpforms[id]\" value=\"28270\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"wpforms[time_token]\" value=\"1794233798.82a211666f499c2315c8446c69e673df1c071db9f42e79c88fd1bb0d8de011c7\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"page_title\" value=\"\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"page_url\" value=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/56248\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"url_referer\" value=\"\"><button type=\"submit\" name=\"wpforms[submit]\" id=\"wpforms-submit-28270\" class=\"wpforms-submit\" data-alt-text=\"Sending...\" data-submit-text=\"Get my free consultation\" aria-live=\"assertive\" value=\"wpforms-submit\">Get my free consultation<\/button><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/wpforms\/assets\/images\/submit-spin.svg\" class=\"wpforms-submit-spinner\" style=\"display: none;\" width=\"26\" height=\"26\" alt=\"Loading\" title=\"| Carmel Cosmetics Labs\"><\/div><\/form><\/div>  <!-- .wpforms-container -->            <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66eaf8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"66eaf8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"dv-reassure\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"4\" y=\"11\" width=\"16\" height=\"10\" rx=\"2\"\/><path d=\"M8 11V7a4 4 0 0 1 8 0v4\"\/><\/svg>No obligation. Your information stays confidential and is used only to prepare your quote.<\/p><script>(function(){var s=document.getElementById('consultation');if(!s)return;\nvar re=\/\\\/(demande-de-devis|request-a-quote|kostenvoranschlag-anfordern|%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b3|\u0637\u0644\u0628-\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633)\\\/?([?#].*)?$\/i;\nvar root=s.closest('[data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\"]')||document;\nroot.querySelectorAll('a[href]').forEach(function(a){var h=a.getAttribute('href')||'',d=h;try{d=decodeURIComponent(h);}catch(e){}if(re.test(h)||re.test(d)){a.setAttribute('href','#consultation');}});\ndocument.addEventListener('click',function(e){var a=e.target.closest&&e.target.closest('a[href=\"#consultation\"]');if(!a)return;e.preventDefault();\nvar sm=!matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)').matches;s.scrollIntoView({behavior:sm?'smooth':'auto',block:'start'});\nvar f=s.querySelector('form input:not([type=hidden]),form select,form textarea');\nvar off=function(){return Math.abs(s.getBoundingClientRect().top-110)>24},fix=function(){if(off())s.scrollIntoView({behavior:'auto',block:'start'});setTimeout(function(){if(off())s.scrollIntoView({behavior:'auto',block:'start'});if(f)try{f.focus({preventScroll:true})}catch(_){}},350)};\nvar last=-1,still=0,n=0,iv=setInterval(function(){var y=scrollY;still=(y===last)?still+1:0;last=y;if(still>=3||++n>50){clearInterval(iv);fix();}},120);\nif(history.replaceState)history.replaceState(null,'','#consultation');});})();<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Citric acid in cosmetics: pH adjuster and chelating agent, AHA at high doses. INCI, CAS, studies and a comparison with glycolic and lactic acids.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":55923,"parent":20287,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-56248","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/56248","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56248"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/56248\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20287"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55923"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/carmelcosmeticslabs.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56248"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}